Heavy oil reservoirs are often associated with soft, unconsolidated near-surface basins where wellbore stability can be an issue during drilling or production, and poorly-sorted heterogenous sands can hinder steam chamber growth. In cold heavy oil production with sand (CHOPS), accurate sedimentary classification is also needed to build models.
Simulation for producibility
Sand channels (or wormholes), the result of sand production in a geologic basin, mean that special reservoir simulation techniques must be incorporated to adequately model CHOPS and other production mechanisms. These must accurately describe the flow paths, pressure drawdowns, and stimulated productivity that occur because of those channels.
The Role of Geomechanics
To address challenges including ground heave and rock deformation and stress, developers must build an accurate reservoir model that integrates measurements and geomechanics.
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